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jueves, 28 de octubre de 2021

Desarrollo de transistores de neurofibras artificiales implementables en redes dendríticas

 

Development of dendritic-network-implementable artificial neurofiber transistors


Schematic of biological presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons and a synapse (inset). Credit: Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)

Advances in artificial-intelligence-based technologies have led to an astronomical increase in the amounts of data available for processing by computers. Existing computing methods often process data sequentially and therefore have large time and power requirements for processing massive quantities of information. Hence, a transition to a new computing paradigm is required to solve such challenging issues. Researchers are currently working towards developing energy-efficient neuromorphic computing technologies and hardware that are capable of processing massive amounts of information by mimicking the structure and mechanisms of the human brain.

The Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) has reported that a research team led by Dr. Jung ah Lim and Dr. Hyunsu Ju of the Center for Opto-electronic Materials and Devices has successfully developed organic neurofiber with an architecture and functions similar to those of neurons in the human brain, which can be used as a . Research on devices that can function as neurons and synapses is needed so that large-scale computations can be performed in a manner similar to data processing in the human brain. Unlike previously developed devices that act as either neurons or synapses, the artificial neurofiber transistors developed at KIST can mimic the behaviors of both neurons and synapses. By connecting the transistors in arrays, one can easily create a structure similar to a neural .

Biological neurons have fibrous branches that can receive multiple stimuli simultaneously, and signal transmissions are mediated by ion migrations stimulated by electrical signals. The KIST researchers developed the aforementioned artificial neurofibers using fibrous transistors previously developed by them in 2019. They devised memory transistors that remember the strengths of the applied , similar to synapses, and transmit them via between the semiconductor channels and ions within the insulators upon receiving the electrical stimuli from the neurofiber transistors. These artificial neurofibers also mimic the signal summation functionality of .

Illustration of the device architecture for neurofiber-OECT, schematic of the doping mechanism by ions in a permeable semiconductor (inset) and photograph of OECT-neurofiber. Credit: Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)

The researchers created an artificial neural network system comprising 100 synapses using the artificial neurofibers and verified the stability of the via speech recognition experiments. The proposed neural network was shown to achieve a recognition accuracy of 88.9% after training with speech data.

Dr. Jung Ah Lim and Dr. Hyunsu Ju note that "the novel artificial neurofiber device is an original technology that can be used to create large-scale, energy-efficient (~2 pJ/signal), and highly reliable artificial neural networks similar to that of the brain. Our artificial neurofiber device is flexible and may be used in AI-enabled wearable electronics made of semiconductor materials or in robotics."


Explore further

Team presents brain-inspired, highly scalable neuromorphic hardware

More information: Soo Jin Kim et al, Dendritic Network Implementable Organic Neurofiber Transistors with Enhanced Memory Cyclic Endurance for Spatiotemporal Iterative Learning, Advanced Materials (2021). DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100475
 



 

 

 

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